Hacking1. Coughing. Sneezing. Sometimes the workplace sounds less like an office and more like a hospital ward2, especially now that we're at the height of cold and flu season.
干咳、咳嗽、打喷嚏。有时，办公室听上去更像医院病房，特别大家目前处于感冒、流感的高发期。
If you're not feeling great, do yourself and your coworkers a favor: Call in sick. You'll likely get better faster and save your employer money.
假如感觉不好，那就对自己和同事好一点：请病假吧。你将会好得更快，也能给雇主省钱。
Yes, there's a financial price to coming to work ill. It's called presenteeism, and it cosplayts employers $180 billion annually3, according to a 2007 study by the Society for Human Resources Management. That's more than employers shell out for employee absenteeism, which cosplayts only $118 billion a year.
是的，带病上班耗费资金。这被称之为带病出工（注：和旷工相反），依据人类资源管理协会2007年的报告，带病出工会让雇主每年损失1800亿USD，这比旷工带来的损失还要多那只是每年1180亿USD。
Sick employees don't just affect their own work; they infect coworkers who then need to take time off themselves.
病了的职员不但影响到我们的工作，还会把病传染给同事们，随后他们也要去请假，或者继续上班，传播更多的病毒。
Is it just sniffles? 只是打喷嚏吗？
Most people do get paid time off. Some 57% of all private businesses offer paid sick leave, according to a 2007 report from the Department of Labor4. Still, there's a natural worry that if you don't go in, the work won't get done, or it will pile up so high you'll never be able to get through it all. That's especially true these days, when it seems everyone is doing more work with less resources.
多数人在休息的时候都有薪水。依据美国劳工部2007年的一份报告，57％的私企提供带薪病假。可是非常自然的，大家会出现担忧不上班就完成不了工作，它将堆积如山，你永远都没办法解决。特别是目前，公司都在借助更少的资源完成更多的工作。
People don't want to stay home and add to their coworkers' workloads5 just because they've got the sniffles, says Michael Smith, a physician who is chief medical editor for WebMD. In the end it hurts more then it helps.
来自WebMD网站的首席医学编辑Michael Smith大夫说：大家不想只不过由于打喷嚏就呆在家，从而增加同事的工作负担。但这么做最后弊大于利。
Yes, if it's really nothing more than sniffles, go on in. To be safe, wash your hands more often, don't touch anyone else's phone or keyboard and always cough or sneeze into a tissue.
是的，假如只是打喷嚏，那就继续上班吧。安全起见，要更多地洗手，不要接触其他人的电话或键盘，并且只朝纸巾擤鼻涕、咳嗽。
Ideally, though, with any true cold, even just a minor6 one, you should work from home, Smith says. Definitely call in sick, he adds, if you've got a stuffed nose, cough, chest congestion7 or are throwing up. And never go into the office with a fever.
不过，Smith说，理想的状况是，假如感冒了，即使是轻感冒，你也应该呆在家工作。他补充到，假如你鼻塞、咳嗽、胸堵，或者呕吐，那样就必须要请病假。绝对不要在发烧时去上班。
If you've got any inkling of being contagious8, it's just not fair to go in, says Wendy Nice Barnes, vice9 president of human resources at ehealthinsurance. She says people showing up at work sick are a much bigger concern than people missing work when they're not really ill.
来自ehealthinsurance机构的人力资源部门副主任Wendy Nice Barnes说：假如已经出现任何具备传染性的端倪，上班是不适合的。她说带病上班的人比那些装病请假的人更让人担心。
The healthy options 利于健康的选择
But it's not only about being kind to your coworkers. Staying home a day or two may shorten the illness, Smith points out.
但，请假不光是为了同事。Smith指出：在家呆一两天可以让病好得更快。
Perhaps you'll feel better taking the day off if you know how many sick and personal days you have annually. When you call in sick, try to reach your manager directly by phone. Explain that you're not feeling well and you don't want to expose everyone else in the office to whatever you've got.
你了解每年拥有几天病假之后，会对请假感觉更心安。请病假的时候，直接和你的经理通话。告诉他/她你身体不舒服，不想将我们的病传播给同办公室的别的人。
Since not everybody is so considerate, do what you can to stay healthy. Get a flu shot. Many employers offer them on|site for free or for less than at a doctor's office. Keep antibacterial soap handy for washing your hands, especially after interacting with a sick coworker.
既然不是每一个雇主都会体恤职员，那样自己要尽力维持健康。打流感免疫针。有的企业提供免费免疫针，或者低于医院价格。洗手时，抗菌肥皂要近在咫尺，特别在和生病的同事接触后。
The most common way to get a cold or the flu is by touching10 something contaminated by someone infected, Smith says. It's not someone sneezing or coughing in your face. It's them contaminating a phone.
得感冒或流感最容易见到的渠道是接触被病人污染了的东西。并非那一个对着你打喷嚏或咳嗽的人，而是那些污染了电话的人。
Employers should do their part, too. The most significant action they can take is to offer subsidized flu shots, says Joyce Maroney, director of the Workforce11 Institute at Kronos, a provider of workforce management software. Also, it might seem corny, she says, but it's good to have signs up in public places about hygiene12 and safety information.
人力管理系统提供商Kronos的人力研究院主任Joyce Maroney说，雇主们也应该尽一份力。他们所能做的最有意义的事是提供补贴性流感疫苗。还有一个听上去老套的办法，那就是在公共场合贴上卫生和安全信息。
Above all, simply don't feel guilty about calling in sick.
非常重要的一点，不要对请病假感到愧疚。
